{"id":2367,"date":"2026-02-18T17:00:57","date_gmt":"2026-02-18T14:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/subnology.uk\/?p=2367"},"modified":"2026-02-18T17:02:19","modified_gmt":"2026-02-18T14:02:19","slug":"%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%a8%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%83%d8%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/subnology.uk\/?p=2367","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0633"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 ifconfig<\/strong> (\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0640 Interface Configuration) \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0633. \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 (Terminal). \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u062b\u0644 ip<\/code>\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 ifconfig<\/code> \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n
\n

1. \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/h2>\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 ifconfig<\/code> \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 MAC\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

ifconfig<\/pre>\n
\"\u0639\u0631\u0636<\/p>\n
\n
2. \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/h2>\n
\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 eth0 \u0623\u0648 wlan0)\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631:<\/p>\n
ifconfig eth0<\/pre>\n
\"\u0639\u0631\u0636<\/p>\n
\n
3. \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/h2>\n
\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629:<\/strong> ifconfig eth0 down<\/code><\/li>\n
  • \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629:<\/strong> ifconfig eth0 up<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \n
    4. \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 IP \u0648\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 (Netmask)<\/h2>\n
    \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 IP \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n
    ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.10 netmask 255.255.255.0<\/pre>\n
    \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 192.168.1.10 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 eth0 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n
    \"\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635<\/p>\n
    \n
    5. \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b (Broadcast Address)<\/h2>\n
    \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 IP\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631:<\/p>\n
    ifconfig eth0 broadcast 192.168.1.255<\/pre>\n
    \n
    6. \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 (MTU)<\/h2>\n
    \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0640 MTU \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n
    ifconfig eth0 mtu 1500<\/pre>\n
    \"\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/p>\n
    \n
    7. \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639 “Promiscuous”<\/h2>\n
    \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645 (Packet Sniffing)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632:<\/p>\n
      \n
    • \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644:<\/strong> ifconfig eth0 promisc<\/code><\/li>\n
    • \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621:<\/strong> ifconfig eth0 -promisc<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \"\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n
      \n
      \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/h2>\n
      \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 net-tools<\/code> (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 ifconfig) \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d iproute2<\/code>\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 ifconfig<\/code> \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0633 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a “\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629” \u0648\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 ifconfig (\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0640 Interface Configuration) \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0633. \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 (Terminal). \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u062b\u0644 ip\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 ifconfig \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629. 1. \u0639\u0631\u0636 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2366,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","beyondwords_generate_audio":"","beyondwords_project_id":"","beyondwords_content_id":"","beyondwords_player_style":"","beyondwords_language_id":"","beyondwords_title_voice_id":"","beyondwords_body_voice_id":"","beyondwords_summary_voice_id":"","beyondwords_error_message":"","beyondwords_disabled":"","beyondwords_podcast_id":"","beyondwords_hash":"","publish_post_to_speechkit":"","speechkit_hash":"","speechkit_generate_audio":"","speechkit_project_id":"","speechkit_podcast_id":"","speechkit_error_message":"","speechkit_disabled":"","speechkit_access_key":"","speechkit_error":"","speechkit_info":"","speechkit_response":"","speechkit_retries":"","speechkit_updated_at":"","_speechkit_link":"","_speechkit_text":""},"categories":[2,15,19,11,17,18,21],"tags":[37,56,28,54,52,53,25,26,39,42,49,27,43,47,48,34,35,38,44,46,50,30,45,7,29,57],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/subnology.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2367"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/subnology.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/subnology.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/subnology.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/subnology.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2367"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/subnology.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2367\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2368,"href":"https:\/\/subnology.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2367\/revisions\/2368"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/subnology.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2366"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/subnology.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2367"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/subnology.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2367"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/subnology.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2367"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}